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Mubariz Siddiqui
Lawyer | Carbon Law
Mubariz Siddiqui is the founder and Founding Partner of Carbon Law, a full-stack legal and commercial services provider focused on startups and investors.12 As the premier startup lawyer in Pakistan, he has established Carbon Law to cater specifically to the needs of founders, employees, and investors in the entrepreneurial ecosystem.3
Professional Background
Mubariz Siddiqui brings extensive experience to his role at Carbon Law. Prior to founding this firm, he worked at Sarmayacar, gaining valuable insights into the startup and investment landscape.4 His expertise lies in areas such as venture capital, entrepreneurial finance, and regulations related to these fields in Pakistan.7
Carbon Law
Carbon Law, founded by Mubariz Siddiqui, is described as a tech-enabled law firm.3 The company aims to provide comprehensive legal and commercial advisory services to the startup and investment community.2 By formalizing his independent practice into Carbon Law, Siddiqui has created a specialized firm that addresses the unique legal needs of the entrepreneurial ecosystem in Pakistan.5
Online Presence
Mubariz Siddiqui maintains an active online presence, sharing insights and information about startups, venture capital, and relevant regulations through various platforms:
- LinkedIn: His profile can be found under the username "mubarizsiddiqui".1
- Twitter: He tweets under the handle @MubarizSiddiqui.7
- Other platforms: Siddiqui also shares content and engages with his audience through platforms like Linktree.6
Through his work at Carbon Law and his online engagement, Mubariz Siddiqui has positioned himself as a key figure in the Pakistani startup legal landscape, offering valuable expertise to entrepreneurs and investors alike.
Highlights
The images below sum up why further taxes on the salaried class are so infuriating: not taxing certain sectors, and repeated failure to cut other expenses. But, what we are not talking about are the long-term reforms for an equitable taxation policy. Let me explain:
All salaried individuals are not the same. A fair tax policy would take their circumstances into account. For example two salaried individuals, A and B, could both be earning say PKR 500,000 per month but have completely different circumstances. Person A could be living in a rented premises and supporting multiple dependents (children and parents). Whereas, person B could be living in their own house with no dependents.
Taxing them the same amount is not only unjust, but also restricts social mobility. At the very least, the Government needs to acknowledge its own failure to provide basic healthcare and education. A meaningful reform for salaried individuals would give targeted tax relief to people with dependents for example.
None of this is novel. This happens in many countries. Targeted tax relief is the best way to incentive certain behavior and get people to file returns. This will also help the government get more data to help with policy.
I have seen many well-intentioned people trying to challenge the recently imposed taxes. The courts cannot intervene here. The ask also cannot be to just lower the taxes. The salaried class needs to be organised and consistently push for meaningful reforms.
A primer on how these acquisitions work in light of Papara's acquisition of SadaPay:
All cash acquisitions are straight forward. E.g. Company A acquires Company B by paying the shareholders of Company B $10m. So if someone owned 50% of B, they'd get $5m and so on. In some cases the acquirer offers a part of its own equity to the shareholders of the acquiree. E.g. A is worth $100m. It gives the shareholders of B 10% of A's equity to buy 100% of B. The value of the deal would be shares worth $10m today.
In these cases its important to see whether the acquirer is a public or a private company. If its public then the value of the acquisition will fluctuate based on the value of A in the market. If its private, the last determined valuation will hold till an event.
Most such deals are a combination of cash plus equity. So the acquirer either gives some cash and its own shares to the shareholders of the acquiree. Uber's acquisition of Careem is a good example of cash plus equity. Investors typically get paid cash first.
In this case, it appears (anecdotally) that Papara invested $10m in Sadapay diluting the shareholders of Sadapay. The remaining equity was bought from the shareholders of Sadapay for $40m in the form of Papara's equity. Valuing the deal at $50m. Reportedly, Sadapay raised it's last round at a valuation north if $100m. While this may seem like the investors lost 50% of the value of their investment, it's not necessarily the case.
Firstly, not all investment came at the $100m+ valuation. Early investors came at a lower valuation. Secondly, a typical VC investment is on a 7-10 year horizon. It is not common for these investments to incrementally grow every year. They typically get marked up with each round of investment.
Third, Sadapay shareholders have been paid in Papara equity which is worth $40m today. Papara's last publicly disclosed valuation was around $1.3bn. I'm not sure how Papara was valued at for this deal given it's a private company. Assuming it was valued at 1.2bn then $40m worth of equity = 3.33% of Papara.
If Papara's value doubles, the $40m would become $80m for Sadapay sharehders. Private company equity is not liquid. So it is too soon for the investors to determine their return. However, given the investment climate in Pakistan, their risk has decreased.
As far as the founders are concerned, typically they're subjected to lock-ins and vesting to get them to stay longer and keep the business running. They're also often compensated with additional ESOP.
On the whole this is good news for founders in Pakistan!
